Rockable inner jaw wrench



June 17, 1952 M, BARNETT 2,600,956

BOCKABLE vINNER JAW WRENCH Filed May l5, 1946 Patented June 17, 1952 4.2,600,956.;......7. eQsKeLaINNER'JAW Weense; l `ill/Ian` Barnett, Brooklyn; N.Y.;...f: lk

Agpiiaudgltiay '1.5,'Masera! Najecasiaf' f psciaims'. (orsi-93)# vThe subject matter of this invention relates to a functionally and structurally Vimproved'wrench having a tilting and adjustable inner jaw;

One ob'ject'of the invention resides in the provision of novel means to permit the jaws of the wrench to be quickly and automatically released from an article turned by the wrench however without binding of the jaws of the wrench' against the article. A speciiiciobject is realized in the provision ofv a serviceable and effective wrench having an adjustable convexedly contoured seat upon which the inner jaw -of the Wrench is automatically and` tiltably displacedon applying the `according to my invention,A and .illustrates the jaws separated and awaiting reception of a pipe t0 be grasped.

Fig, 2 is a fragmentary View of Fig. l depicting the jaws initially gripping a :pipe interposed therebetween.

' Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing the wrench rmly clainpingthe pipe and about to be released therefrom foiits retractive swing.

Fig'. 4 is afront View on the line 4-4 of Fig. l.

ligs andG arehoriz'o'nt'al sectional views on the lines 5145 and 6460i Fig'l'l.

Fig, 'lis a perspective'view of the rockahle jaw.

' Fi'g is a fragmentary perspective view of the adjustable cam shaped 'supporti or mount for the lower rockable jaw, andY Fig. 9 is a sectional View `on theline 9--9 of Fig. 2.

Illustrative of the embodiment disclosed, the Wrench is generally denoted W and comprises an upper toothed jaw IB xedly retained by the overhanging head. II merged witha vertically disposed shank I2. Extending forwardly of the shank vand preferably integral therewith is a socket-containing member I3 having a concaved portion or annular seat I4 communicating with a tapered bore I5.

Seat I4 is adapted to receive. and position an annular projection I6 depending from a knurled and hollow, internally threaded cylindrical nut I1, threadably engaging an externally threaded stud I'8 which slide-bly projectsVv through a' bore rEl() lI9* of vthe annular projection I6 'andV into the bore l5; 'It" follows 'that' if ring or nut Il 'is rotated or manipulated on the threaded stud I8, the latter will be elevated or lowered, depending upon the direction of rotation.

Projecting upwardly from socket containing member I3 and integral therewith is an extension 20 having an inwardly overhanging portion .2| provided with a' depending lip `22 receivable in an annular'groove 23 in nut Il to limit displacement of the manipulating nut in a direction away from seat I4.

. Appropriately Afastened to the externally threaded stud IB is a cam shaped block or support 24 having' "spaced and parallel sides 25 normal to a front plane surface 26. Sides are rabbeted to dene grooves 27, thus characterizing .a rearwardly` extendingv reduced portion or boss 28 closely and movably straddled by rounded termi nals 29 of spaced legs 30 of a U-shaped yoke 30A spaced from and straddling opposite sides 3| of shank l2.

Referring again to the mount or block24, its upper surface` 32 is convexed from front to back and fromside to side, that is both longitudinally and transversely, and in eiect constitutes a cam face 32 on which ,an inclined or biased face 33 of a lower toothed jaw 34 may be tilted or rocked.

Forming a part of the tiltable jaw 34 is a depending and reduced projection or lip 35 having spaced parallel sides '36 in vertical alinement with the spaced sides 25 of the cam block or support 24 on which the inclined and plane face 33 of the rockable jaw is seated. f Extending laterally beyond the sides 36 of the pivotable or rockableY jaw. 3A are shoulders 31 seated on front portions 38 of spaced arms 39 of a U-shaped oatingsaddle, generallyA designated 40, having an intervening web 4I provided with a recess 42 (Fig. 6) for receiving and positioning one end of a normally expanded helicoidal spring 43 having its other end surrounding a suitable fixed pin 44 extending from a web 45 of the yoke 33A.

Fixedly fastened to the spaced sides 36 of the tiltable .law 34 by a headless rivet 46 are the forward portions 33 of the spaced sides 39 of theiioating saddle il!! which closely and slidably straddles the spaced sides 3!) ofthe yoke 30A which in turn loosely but slidably guides shank i2, there being ample clearance between the latter and the sides of the yoke 38A as illustrated in Fig. 6.

Spring 43 normally holds the curved ends 29 yieldingly against y'transverse vertical faces 41 spaced sides or legs 3 9 of the saddle.

3 dened by the notches 21 of the cam shaped support 24. The jaw 34 may be said to rock, slide or tilt relative to cam support 24.

Removably straddling shank I2 are spaced ears or lugs 48 projecting rearwardly from the rockable lower jaw 33. Undesirable separation of the latter from the cam face 32 of the mount 24, is prevented by a pin I) which extends into an inclined slot 5I in one of the legs 39 of the floating saddle f.4, slot 5I being appreiablylarger than the diameterof the pin 5B so as to permit adequate clearance.

In Fig. 1, the jaws are in open position to receive a pipe. In such relation, vtail or. de pending portion 35 is against the front stop face 26 of the cam support 24 andthefnormally expanded spring 43 causes thearcuate ends 23 of the inner guide or yoke 30A to yieldingly bear against transversely disposed shoulders .41 of the mount 24. The saddle 4I) is now substantially horizontal and the pin 50 is towards the lower .fend of the inclined slot 5I in the saddle 40 which as 4previously stated is anchored by rivet `46 to the rockable jaw 34.

Even though jaws I0 and 34 are separated,.the

latter is tilted relative to the mount 24 on the insertion of the pipe into the wrench. To this end, a forwardly directed finger thrust is applied to the web 4I of the saddle 40. Since the lower j aw 34 is carried by the saddle, this jaw willbeshifted bodilyaway from the shank I2 and its forward end will also be tilted downwardly as indicated in Fig. 2 at which time ,projections 48 leave shank' I2, and thevlip 35 of jaw 34 is displacedv from the vertical stop face '26 of the mount. At this time pipe C` is ting its forward end towards the pipe, hence more firmly gripping the latter as the pipe is turned by the wrench. Since jaw 34 and the saddle are secured together, movement of one correspondingly displaces the other and consequently when the pipe is grasped and turned, saddle 4B will be appreciably inclined or biased relative to the shank and of course against the resistance o f spring 43 which has been compressed in that rear face of shank I2 has shifted yoke 30A rearwardly, the sides 30 of the yoke being slidably guided in the recesses 53 in the Y Having turned the pipe, the wrench may be quickly automatically released. This is accomplished by merely rotating the wrench in a direction counter to'that required for turning the pipe or article P. Thereafter if desired the wrench may again receive the required thrust for turning the pipe.

Immediately upon the release of gripping pressure on thepipe the lower jaw 34 automatically is retracted to its normal position illustrated in Fig. l due to the action of the normally expanded spring 43, thus also restoring ever without binding the jaws against the pipe.

Pin 50 carried by mount 24 and slot 5l of the saddle constitute a loose connection permitting the saddle to be readily displaced against the action of spring 43 and the arcuate cam face 32 of the mount permits the jaw 34 to be tilted transversely and longitudinally of the mount to compensate for any irregularities in the object or article to be gripped and turned by the wrench.

Of course apart from being -vadapted to be tiltably displaced relative to the mount 24, the

Vtiltable jaw is also adapted to be moved forwardly awayrfrom the stop face 26 upon the manipulation of the saddle 4 8. Upon removal of Vmanipulating pressure, the saddle automatically retracts again causing lugs 48 to removably interlock with the sides of shank I2. For purposes of specification jaw 34 and the saddle 40 may be said to be a bell crank lever tiltably and loosely guided on the mount and relative to shank I2 of the wrench.

Various'changes may be made in details of construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof inherent therein.

I claim:

1. In a wrench for turning an article, a shank having an overhanging head including axed law, a shiftable jaw, a mount having a top ,onvex face tiltably sustaining said shiftable jaw, a nut for displacing said mount to move said shiftable jaw towards lor away from said xed jaw, a U-shaped saddle having spaced sides loosely straddling and extending beyond front and rear faces of said shank and said sides embodying front corresponding portions straddling and fixed to said shiftable jaw,'pin and slot connecting means between said sides and mount, and spring means interposed between said shank and saddle for normally urging said shiftable jaw in a direction towards said shank, said shiftable jaw on gripping of said article by said jaws tilting relative to saidmount whereby said jaws rmly but disengageably clamp said article and tilting saddle relative to said shank.

2. In a wrench for turning an article, a shank having an overhanging head including a fixed jaw, a mount having an arcuate cam face and depending threaded means, a shiftable jaw embodying an inclined rectilinear wall seated on said face, a nut cooperating with said threaded means for displacing said mount to move said shiftable jaw towards or away from said xed jaw, a saddle loosely straddling said shank and having spaced sides secured at their forward ends to said shiftable jaw, a pin and slot connecton between said mount and saddle, and spring means cooperating with said saddle for yieldably urging said shiftable jaw towards said shank.

3. In a wrench for turning an article, a shank having an overhanging head including a fixed jaw, a mount having an arcuate cam face vand depending threaded means, a shiftable jaw embodying an inclined rectilinear wall seated on said face, a nut cooperating with said threaded means for displacing said mount to move said shiftable jaw towards or away from said iixed jaw, a U-shaped saddle loosely straddling said shank and having spaced sides secured at their forward ends to said shiftable jaw, a yoke slidably guided by said sides, a pin and slot connection between said mount land saddle, andhelicoidal spring means cooperating `with said yoke and saddle for yieldably urging said shiftable jaw towards said shank.

4. In a wrench for turning an article, a shank having an overhanging head including a fixed jaw, a mount having a curved cam face disposed longitudinally thereof, a shiftable jaw embodying an inclined rectilinear wall seated on said face, adjustable means carrying said mount and comprising a threaded member and an internally threaded rotatable manipulator for displacing said mount to move said shiftable jaw towards or away from said fixed jaw, a U-shaped tiltable saddle loosely straddling said shank and having spaced sides secured at their forward ends to said shiftable jaw and embodying recessed means, a yoke slidably guided by said recessed means and tiltably straddling said shank, a pin and slot connection between said mount and saddle, and helicoidal spring means cooperating with said yoke and saddle for yieldingly urging said shiftable jaw towards said shank.

5. In a wrench for turning an article, a shank having an overhanging head including a fixed jaw, a -mount having a top arcuate cam face and a rearwardly disposed portion reduced in width, a shiftable jaw embodying an inclined rectilinear wall seated on said face so as to permit tilting of said shiftable jaw, means interposed between said mount and shank for linearly displacing said mount to move said shiftable jaw towards or away from said fixed jaw, a saddle loosely straddling said shank and having spaced sides secured at their forward ends to said shiftable jaw and including recess means, a yoke having spaced sides slidably guided in said recess means and tiltably straddling said shank and reduced portion, a pin and slot connection between said mount and saddle, and helicoidal spring means cooperating `with said yoke and saddle for yieldably urging said shiftable jaw towards said shank.

6. In a wrench for turning an article, a shank having an overhanging head including a fixed jaw, a mount having an upper convex face and a rearwardly disposed portion reduced in width, a shiftable jaw embodying an inclined rectilinear wall seated on said face so as to permit tilting of said shiftable jaw, said shiftable jaw having rearwardly disposed spaced lugs, means interposed between said mount and shank for linearly displacing said mount to move said shiftable jaw towards or away from said fixed. jaw, a Saddle loosely straddling said shank and having spaced sides secured at their forward ends to said shiftable jaw and including recess means, a yoke having spaced sides slidably guided in said recess means and tiltably straddling said reduced portion, a pin and slot connection between said mount and saddle, and helicoidal spring means cooperating with said yoke and saddle for yieldably urging said shiftable jaw towards said shank for removably interlocking said lugs with the latter.

7. In a wrench for turning an article, a shank having an overhanging head including a xed Jaw, a mount having an upper convex cam face and a rearwardly disposed portion reduced in width, a shiftable jaw embodying an inclined rectilinear wall seated on said face so as to permit tilting of said shiftable jaw, means comprising a threaded stud depending from said mount and an internally threaded rotatable nut for linearly displacing said stud to move said shiftable jaw towards or away from said fixed jaw, a saddle loosely straddling said shank and having spaced sides secured at their forward ends to said shiftable jaw and including recess means, a yoke having spaced sides slidably guided in said recess means and tiltably straddling said shank and reduced portion, a pin and slot connection between said mount and saddle, helicoidal spring means cooperating with said yoke and saddle for yieldably urging said shiftable jaw towards said shank, a socket for receiving said stud and carried by said shank and including an annular seat, annular means depending from said nut and removably positioned on said seat, and stop means to limit displacement of said nut away from said seat.

8. In a wrench for turning an article, a shank having a head including a xed jaw, a shiftable jaw under said fixed jaw, a mount having a top convex face curved both transversely and 1ongitudinally thereof and tiltably sustaining said shiftable jaw, means interposed between said mount and shank for adjustably displacing said mount to move said shiftable jaw towards or away from said fixed jaw, a saddle having spaced sides connected to said shiftable jaw and loosely straddling said shank for bodily displacing said shiftable jaw forwardly of said shank, a yoke straddling said shank and having spaced legs slidably guided by and between said sides, said yoke having a web portion connecting said legs, and normally expanded helicoidal spring means cooperating with said saddle and web portion for retracting said shiftable jaw pursuant to forward and tiltable displacement thereof relative to said shank, said saddle being tiltable relative to said shank for displacing said yoke relative to said sides to compress said spring means.

MAX BARNETT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 101,114 Faessler Mar. 22, 1870 286,561 Smith et al. Oct. 9, 1883 376,991 Roberts Jan. 24, 1888 491,056 Kraft Jan. 31, 1893 557,587 Knopp Apr. 7, 1896 562,878 Wright June 30, 1896 639,785 Speirs Dec. 26, 1899 1,048,380 Youngquist et al. Dec. 24, 1912 1,444,034 Palm Feb. 6, 1923 1,565,338 Thewes Dec. 15, 1925 

